Learning theories

1.     Behaviorism

      The term refers to the behaviorism school of psychology founded by John B. Watson based on the belief That behaviors can be Measured, Trained, and changed. Behaviorism was established with the publication of Watson's classic paper Psychology as the behaviorist Views It (1913).

2.    Cognitivism

      Jean Piaget was one of the Most Influential cognitive psychologist. He was a student of biology and zoology and learnt That survival requires adaptation. Therefore he viewed the development of human cognition, or intelligence, as the continual struggle of a very complex organism Trying to adapt to a very complex environment. According to Piaget's theory, human development can be outlined in terms of functions and cognitive structures. The functions are inborn biological processes are identical for That every one and stay unchanged throughout our lives. The purpose of these functions is to construct internal cognitive structures. The structures, in contrast, changes repeatedly as the Child Grows (Vasa, R., Haith, MM, Miller, SA, 1995, p., 33).

3.    Contructivism

      A reaction to didactic Such approaches as behaviorism and programmed instruction, constructivism states That learning is an active, contextualized process of constructing knowledge rather than acquiring it. Knowledge is constructed based on personal experiences and hypotheses of the environment. Learners continuously tests these hypotheses through social negotiation. Each person has a different interpretation and construction of knowledge process. The learner is not a blank slate (tabula rasa) but brings past experiences and cultural factors to a situation.